Southern Alligator Lizard Elgaria multicarinata
Description
<h3 class="taxon_description_header"> Description from <select name="from" id="from"><option value="Eol">EOL</option> <option value="Inaturalist">iNaturalist</option> <option selected="selected" value="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</option></select> <a class="externallink ui" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_alligator_lizard">View on Wikipedia →</a> </h3> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of lizard</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>southern alligator lizard</b> (<i><b>Elgaria multicarinata</b></i>) is a common <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizard" title="Lizard">lizard</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anguidae" title="Anguidae">Anguidae</a>. The species is native to the Pacific coast of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It ranges from Baja California to the state of Washington and lives in a variety of habitats including grasslands, chaparral, forests, and even urban areas.<sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stebbins_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stebbins-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In dry climates, it is likely to be found in moist areas or near streams.<sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are five recognized <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subspecies">Subspecies</h2></div> <p>The following five subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominotypical_subspecies" class="mw-redirect" title="Nominotypical subspecies">nominotypical subspecies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RDB_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDB-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul> <li> <i>Elgaria multicarinata ignava</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Van_Denburgh" title="John Van Denburgh">Van Denburgh</a>, 1905)</span> </li> <li> <i>Elgaria multicarinata multicarinata</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Marie_Ducrotay_de_Blainville" title="Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville">Blainville</a>, 1835)</span> </li> <li> <i>Elgaria multicarinata nana</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Sheldon_Fitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Sheldon Fitch">Fitch</a>, 1934)</span> </li> <li> <i>Elgaria multicarinata scincicauda</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Judd_Skilton" title="Avery Judd Skilton">Skilton</a>, 1849)</span> </li> <li> <i>Elgaria multicarinata webbii</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Fullerton_Baird" title="Spencer Fullerton Baird">Baird</a>, 1859)</span> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy_and_etymology">Taxonomy and etymology</h2></div> <p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">generic</a> name <i>Elgaria</i> is possibly named for an "Elgar" or a pun on "alligator." The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_name_(zoology)" title="Specific name (zoology)">specific name</a> <i>multicarinata</i> refers to the keeled scales characteristic of this species.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The common name "alligator lizard" is a reference to the fact that the back and belly scales of these lizards are reinforced by bone, as they are in alligators.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p>The subspecific name <i>webbii</i> is in honor of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hopkins_Webb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Hopkins Webb (page does not exist)">Thomas Hopkins Webb</a> (1801–1866) who was Secretary of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_and_Mexican_Boundary_Survey" title="United States and Mexican Boundary Survey">United States and Mexican Boundary Survey</a> (1848–1855).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The subspecific name <i>scincicauda</i> means "skink tail". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Southernalligatorlizard2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Southernalligatorlizard2.jpg/250px-Southernalligatorlizard2.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Southernalligatorlizard2.jpg/500px-Southernalligatorlizard2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="534"></a><figcaption>Adult southern alligator lizard, San Joaquin County California</figcaption></figure> <p>The southern alligator lizard measures from 3 to 7 in (8 to 18 cm) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snout-to-vent_length" class="mw-redirect" title="Snout-to-vent length">snout-to-vent length</a> (SVL). Including tail, it can reach a foot in length (30 cm).<sup id="cite_ref-stebbins_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stebbins-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a round thick body with small legs and a long somewhat <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehensile" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehensile">prehensile</a> tail that can be twice as long as the lizard's body.<sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many lizards, this species can <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autotomy" title="Autotomy">drop its tail</a> if attacked, possibly giving it a chance to flee. It lives on average 10 to 15 years, and survives well in captivity.<sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p>The color of this species is variable, and can be brown, gray, green, or yellowish above, often with red blotches on the middle of the back. Usually there are between 9 and 13 dark crossbands on the back, sides, and tail, with adjacent white spots. These crossbands can be pronounced or covered with reddish or yellowish color.<sup id="cite_ref-stebbins_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stebbins-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p>The scales of <i>E. multicarinata</i> are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeled_scales" title="Keeled scales">keeled</a> on the back, sides, and legs. There are 14 rows of scales across the back at the middle of the body. A band of smaller granular scales separates the larger scales on the back and stomach, creating a fold along each side of the animal. These folds allow the body to expand to hold food or eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographic_range_and_habitat">Geographic range and habitat</h2></div> <p>The southern alligator lizard is native to the Pacific coast of North America, ranging from the state of Washington to Baja California. These lizards can be found across many diverse habitats, including grassland, open forest, chaparral, suburban and urban areas, and even into the desert along the Mojave River.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This species is particularly common in foothill oak woodlands, and is often found hiding under rocks, logs, or other surface cover.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diet">Diet</h2></div> <p><i>E. multicarinata</i> eats small <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropods" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthropods">arthropods</a>, slugs, lizards, small mammals, and occasionally young birds and eggs.<sup id="cite_ref-stebbins_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stebbins-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p>The southern alligator lizard frequently eats <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latrodectus_hesperus" title="Latrodectus hesperus">western black widow spiders</a>, and has demonstrated an immunity to the spider's potent venom.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior_and_reproduction">Behavior and reproduction</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Southern_Alligator_Lizard_Threat_Display.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Southern_Alligator_Lizard_Threat_Display.jpg/250px-Southern_Alligator_Lizard_Threat_Display.jpg" decoding="async" width="233" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Southern_Alligator_Lizard_Threat_Display.jpg/500px-Southern_Alligator_Lizard_Threat_Display.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3959" data-file-height="2639"></a><figcaption>Defensive display</figcaption></figure> <p>The southern alligator lizard frequently can be found near human habitation, and is often seen foraging in the mornings and evenings. It is often found in or around suburban yards and garages.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>E. multicarinata</i> is notable for its vicious self-defense, and will bite and defecate if handled.<sup id="cite_ref-sdz_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p>Mating occurs in spring, typically from April to May, though in warmer regions this species will breed year-round.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eggs are usually laid between May and June and hatch during late summer and early fall.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Females lay two clutches of eggs per year, often in decaying wood or plant matter to keep them warm. Females will guard the eggs until they hatch.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_alligator_lizard" title="Northern alligator lizard">Northern alligator lizard</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iucn_status_19_November_2021-1"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iucn_status_19_November_2021_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style> <cite id="CITEREFHammerson,_G.A.Hollingsworth,_B.2007" class="citation journal cs1">Hammerson, G.A.; Hollingsworth, B. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Elgaria+multicarinata&rft.volume=2007&rft.pages=e.T63703A12707115&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T63703A12707115.en&rft.au=Hammerson%2C+G.A.&rft.au=Hollingsworth%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F63703%2F12707115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sdz-2"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdz_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ielc.libguides.com/sdzg/factsheets/southernalligatorlizard">"Summary - Southern Alligator Lizard (Elgaria multicarinata) Fact Sheet"</a>. <i>San Diego Zoo Factsheets</i>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Diego_Zoo" title="San Diego Zoo">San Diego Zoo</a>. December 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Diego+Zoo+Factsheets&rft.atitle=Summary+-+Southern+Alligator+Lizard+%28Elgaria+multicarinata%29+Fact+Sheet&rft.date=2018-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fielc.libguides.com%2Fsdzg%2Ffactsheets%2Fsouthernalligatorlizard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stebbins-3"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stebbins_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stebbins_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stebbins_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stebbins_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_C._Stebbins" title="Robert C. Stebbins">Stebbins Robert C.</a> (2003). <i>A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition</i>. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin. xiii + 533 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-395-98272-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-395-98272-3">0-395-98272-3</a>. (<i>Elgaria multicarinata</i>, pp. 331–332 + Plate 41 + Map 124).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RDB-4"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RDB_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species.php?genus=Elgaria&species=multicarinata"><i>Elgaria multicarinata</i></a> at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/">Reptarium.cz Reptile Database</a>. Accessed 16 February 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.californiaherps.com/lizards/pages/e.m.multicarinata.html">"California Alligator Lizard - <i>Elgaria multicarinata multicarinata </i>"</a>. <i>www.californiaherps.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.californiaherps.com&rft.atitle=California+Alligator+Lizard+-+Elgaria+multicarinata+multicarinata+&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.californiaherps.com%2Flizards%2Fpages%2Fe.m.multicarinata.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304131041/http://www.saczoo.org/Document.Doc?id=143">"Sacramento Zoo -- Alligator Lizard"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saczoo.org/Document.Doc?id=143">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sacramento+Zoo+--+Alligator+Lizard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saczoo.org%2FDocument.Doc%3Fid%3D143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). <i>The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0135-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-0135-5">978-1-4214-0135-5</a>. (<i>Elgaria multicarinata webbii</i>, p. 280).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=2727">"California Wildlife Habitat Relationships System -- Southern Alligator Lizard"</a>. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=California+Wildlife+Habitat+Relationships+System+--+Southern+Alligator+Lizard&rft.pub=California+Department+of+Fish+and+Wildlife&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnrm.dfg.ca.gov%2FFileHandler.ashx%3FDocumentID%3D2727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"> <span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood2022" class="citation news cs1">Greenwood, Veronique (2022-10-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/18/science/lizards-eating-black-widows.html">"You See a Venomous Black Widow. These Lizards See a Snack"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=You+See+a+Venomous+Black+Widow.+These+Lizards+See+a+Snack.&rft.date=2022-10-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=Veronique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F10%2F18%2Fscience%2Flizards-eating-black-widows.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+alligator+lizard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style> <div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Elgaria_multicarinata" class="extiw" title="commons:Elgaria multicarinata"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Elgaria multicarinata</span></a>.</div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.werc.usgs.gov/OLDsitedata/fieldguide/elmu.htm">Western Ecological Research Center: "<i>Elgaria multicarinatus</i> ", the southern alligator lizard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.californiaherps.com/lizards/pages/e.m.multicarinata.html">Nafis, G. / californiaherps.com "<i>Elgaria multicarinata multicarinata</i> ", the Forest Alligator Lizard (California Alligator Lizard)</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul> <li> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_L._Behler" title="John L. Behler">Behler, John L.</a>; King, F. Wayne (1979). <i>The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians</i>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 743 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-50824-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-50824-6">0-394-50824-6</a>. (<i>Gerrhonotus multicarinatus</i>, pp. 542 + Plates 445, 449).</li> <li> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Marie_Ducrotay_de_Blainville" title="Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville">Blainville, H.D.</a> de (1835). "<i>Description de quelques espèces de reptiles de la Californie précédée de l'analyse d'un système général d'herpétologie et amphibiologie</i> ". <i>Nouvelles Annales du Muséum D'Histoire Naturelle</i> <b>4</b>: 233–296. ("<i>Cordylus (Gerrhonotus) multi-carinatus</i> ", new species, p. 289 + Plate XXV, figures 2, 2A, 2B, 2C). (in French).</li> <li> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_Muir_Smith" title="Hobart Muir Smith">Smith, Hobart M.</a>; Brodie, Edmund D. Jr. (1982). <i>Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification</i>. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-307-13666-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-307-13666-3">0-307-13666-3</a> (paperback), 0-307-47009-1 (hardcover). (<i>Elgaria multicarinata</i>, pp. 88–89).</li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers3191" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody> <tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers3191" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Elgaria multicarinata</i></th> <td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2096735" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q2096735">Q2096735</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Elgaria_multicarinata" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Elgaria multicarinata">Elgaria multicarinata</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/399YC">399YC</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/794874">794874</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2468262">2468262</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/32055">32055</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10966165">10966165</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=209020">209020</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/63703/0">63703</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102703/">2.102703</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=71008">71008</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/99249/">99249</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=490516">490516</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=137139">137139</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptile_Database" title="Reptile Database">RD</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?url_prefix=https%3A%2F%2Freptile-database.reptarium.cz%2Fspecies%3F&id=genus%3DElgaria%26species%3Dmulticarinata">multicarinata</a></span></span></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Cordylus multicarinatus</i></th> <td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109528458" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q109528458">Q109528458</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5226630">5226630</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=209021">209021</a></span></span></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6c97b68d4c‐85f4r Cached time: 20250425232755 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.572 seconds Real time usage: 0.788 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 9104/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 46665/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7855/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 43731/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.405/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8692896/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 15/500 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><p class="inat-wikipedia-attribution">This article uses material from the Wikipedia article <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_alligator_lizard">"Southern alligator lizard"</a>, which is released under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0</a>. Content may have been omitted from the original, but no content has been changed or extended. </p>
Common Names
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Anguidae
Genus: Elgaria
Species: Southern Alligator Lizard Elgaria multicarinata
Conservation Status
least concern (LC)